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The Australian leader's approach of pushing back against China's influence in the Pacific Islands has been dealt another blow, with a major defence treaty with Papua New Guinea postponed due to national autonomy issues.

Treaty Signing Delayed Amid Autonomy Negotiations

A deal was expected to be signed this week, but the Australian leader is leaving Port Moresby without signing the mutual defence treaty with his counterpart, James Marape.

The Australian PM downplayed the delay, indicating that cabinet deliberations were affected by celebrations of PNG's independence anniversary. In place of a treaty, the two nations agreed to a shared statement and committed to continue talks on the wider defence pact.

Second Setback in As Many Weeks

It is the second postponement in as many weeks for Albanese. Earlier this month's regional summit, the government of Vanuatu paused the finalization of a bilateral deal with Australia, stating that more work was needed on critical minerals funding from China.

Main Components of the Proposed Treaty

The PNG deal is expected to establish shared security measures in the case of a military attack, and would allow nationals of both nations to enlist in the defence forces of the partner nation.

• Joint training exercises
• Enhanced technical interoperability
• New cooperation on cybersecurity preparedness

Diplomatic Efforts and Next Steps

Albanese has pushed for a deal for PNG to join the National Rugby League in 2028, which serves as a significant incentive within the broader $600m agreement. He stressed that there was no delay to the PNG team joining the competition.

Speaking at a media briefing in Port Moresby, the Australian leader said that the wording of the defence agreement had been confirmed, but both sides required further discussion to finalize their internal approvals.

"It is highly beneficial. There is no downside in this at all. It is entirely advantageous for Australia and for PNG."

PNG's Perspective

The PNG Prime Minister noted that PNG's defence capability was not sufficient to defend the nation and its people, making shared security settings with Australia necessary.

He emphasized that the new treaty was initiated by Papua New Guinea, not Australia's, and that it would not compromise PNG's independence.

"A security treaty for Papua New Guinea would be the highest in terms of secure relations we have established with any country."

Response from Opponitions

The Liberal senator Jane Hume called the delay as "a real failure for the PM", adding that it is "crucial that these deals are approached appropriately and with a guarantee that they will actually come through."

Regional Context

The Chinese government has employed infrastructure funding and loan agreements to build influence with Pacific Island countries, challenging Australia's ties with the region and straining the country's diplomatic reach.

The Australian government believes that both agreements can yet be finalized in the next few months.